Columbia Associates is dedicated to supporting your mental health. If you are experiencing suicidal thoughts, we encourage you to reach out for immediate support through your local crisis services by dialing 988, contacting your local emergency services, or visiting your local emergency room.

Some mental health symptoms can seem to overlap, causing people to be confused about which condition they may be experiencing. Understanding the distinction between dysthymia vs. major depression, for example, can be challenging. However, determining the differences is important, as it means identifying the right type of treatment.

At Columbia Associates, we can help you eliminate the confusion and understand the condition behind the symptoms you’re experiencing. For more information on Spravato® treatment services as well as our other mental healthcare options, call us at 703.682.8208.

What Is Dysthymia?

Dysthymia is also known as persistent depressive disorder. This condition is characterized by a chronic state of depression lasting for at least two years. Unlike major depression, the symptoms of dysthymia are often less severe but last longer. Common symptoms of dysthymia include:

• Chronic low mood – Feeling down or sad most days
• Loss of interest – Activities that usually bring you happiness have lost their appeal
• Changes in appetite and sleep – Too much or too little of both
• Fatigue, lack of energy, and difficulty concentrating – A brain fog that can make focusing difficult
• Feelings of hopelessness and pessimism – A sense that things will never improve

With dysthymia, these feelings may endure for far longer than the typical “sadness” you may feel due to a situation or specific problem. People with dysthymia may struggle to pinpoint a specific event that caused their feelings, which can sometimes lead to confusion about the nature of their symptoms. However, the condition is treatable.

What Is Major Depression?

Major depression, on the other hand, is characterized by more severe symptoms that generally last for a shorter amount of time. Some of these symptoms include:

• Feelings of hopelessness and low self-worth
• Difficulty concentrating, remembering details, or making decisions
• Significant changes in appetite, leading to weight loss or gain
• Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia or hypersomnia
• Restlessness or irritability
• Persistent physical symptoms such as headaches, stomach aches, and other unexplained pains
• Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide

Clearly, many of the symptoms of dysthymia vs. major depression overlap; however, the severity must be noted. People with major depression can have thoughts of suicide, which should always be taken seriously. Seek help immediately if you’re struggling in this way.

Additionally, other symptoms are likely more severe and hinder daily functioning. In order for a diagnosis of major depression to be made, at least five of these symptoms must be present for at least two weeks.

Dysthymia vs. Major Depression: What’s the Difference?

While both conditions have very similar symptoms, MDD is a more acute form of depression that can greatly impair one’s ability to function on a daily basis. Symptoms typically include and last for weeks or months and require intervention to prevent serious health complications. The key differences lie in these three areas:

• Duration – Dysthymia is long-lasting (at least two years), while MDD episodes are shorter but more intense.
• Severity – Symptoms of dysthymia are less severe but persistent, whereas MDD symptoms are severe and can be debilitating.
• Impact on daily life – Both can significantly affect daily life, but MDD often leads to more immediate and noticeable disruptions.

Several factors can contribute to the development of depression symptoms, including genetic, biological, and environmental. The important thing to remember is that you can find the help you need to feel better.

Treatment Options for Both Dysthymia and MDD

Both dysthymia and MDD require treatment, including therapy and often medication. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can be effective for both, helping clients develop coping strategies to manage their symptoms. Columbia Associates offers a range of treatment services, including Spravato®, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and various mental health services.

Contact Columbia Associates Today for Mental Health Services

If you think you may have dysthymia or MDD, you don’t have to face these symptoms alone. Columbia Associates is ready to help. Whether you’re experiencing dysthymia or major depression, either condition can significantly affect your quality of life. Still, with the right support and treatment, people can learn to manage their symptoms effectively. Call 703.682.8208 today to hear more about how Columbia Associates can help.

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